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Quest for the Round Table II

October 12-14, 2007


The Knights of the Round Table

Sir Lancelot Arms Sir Lancelot du Lac
Courage

Argent, three bends Gules

The First Knight of the Round Table, Sir Lancelot du Lac was the son of King Ban of Benwick and Queen Elaine. He was portrayed as never failing in gentleness, courtesy, courage, and willingness to serve others. It was said that Launcelot was the Round Table’s best fighter and swordsman.

Legend tells that the Lady of the Lake found him as a child, abandoned by the shore. She fostered him to become one of literature’s greatest knights. It has also been said that Launcelot was the father of Galahad by Elaine of Astolat, who died of a heart broken by unrequited love.

Many tales talk of the love between Launcelot and Guinevere, he was a favorite of the Queen and rescued her from harm on many occasions.


Sir Galahad Arms Sir Galahad
Humility

Argent, a cross Gules

Galahad was the son of Sir Launcelot and Elaine of Corbenic. The conception of Galahad occurred when Elaine mislead Lancelot into thinking he was sleeping with Guinevere.

Galahad is best known as the "Purest Knight" who achieves the quest for the Holy Grail and is allowed to sit in the Siege Perilous, the seat reserved for the Grail Knight at the Round Table. Galahad appears in the 13th century Vulgate Cycle, Estoire de saint Graal. Galahad remains the Grail Knight in Malory’s Morte d’Arthur. He is presented as the image of the perfect knight in Tennyson’s Idylls of the King because his "strength was as the strength of ten" and his "heart is pure."


Sir Gawain Arms Sir Gawain
Courtesy

Purpure, a double headed eagle, Or

Sir Gawain is said to be the nephew of King Arthur. His parents were Lot of Orkney and Morgause (though his mother is said to be Anna in Geoffrey of Monmouth). Upon the death of Lot, he became the head of the Orkney clan, which, in many sources, included his brothers Agravain, Gaheris, and Gareth, and his half-brother Mordred.

Gawain figures prominently in many romances. In France he is generally presented as one who has adventures paralleling in diptych fashion but not overshadowing the hero's, whether that hero be Lancelot or Percivale. In the English tradition, however, it is much more common for Gawain to be the principal hero and the exemplar of courtesy and chivalry, as he is in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and the other Arthurian romances of the Alliterative Revival. In Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur, however, he has a role similar to that in the French romances, in that Lancelot is the principal hero.

The accidental death of Gawain's brothers at Sir Lancelot's hands caused Gawain, one of the mightiest warriors at court, to become the bitter enemy of his once greatest friend. He was mortally wounded in a fight with Lancelot who, it is said, lay for two nights weeping at Gawain's tomb. Before his death, Gawain repented of his bitterness towards Lancelot and forgave him.


Sir Perceival Arms Sir Percevale
Prowess

Purpure, a semy of crosses, Or

Sir Percivale was raised by his mother in ignorance of arms and courtesy. Percivale's natural prowess, however, led him to King Arthur's court where he immediately set off in pursuit of a knight who had offended Guinevere. Percivale is one of the Grail knights in numerous medieval and modern stories of the Grail Quest.

Percivale first appears in Chrétien de Troyes's unfinished Percivale or Conte del Graal. Chrétien's story was also the inspiration for Wolfram von Eschenbach's Parzival. As in Chrétien's story, Wolfram's Parzival is initially naive and foolish, having been sheltered from the dangers of the chivalric world by his mother. Other medieval versions of the story of Percivale can be found in the French texts known as the Didot-Percivale and Perlesvaus. Percivale is the central character in the fourteenth-century Middle English romance Sir Percivale of Galles, which is apparently based on Chrétien's tale but which omits the Grail motif entirely. Percivale is one of three Grail knights in Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur, the others being Galahad and Bors. Percivale functions as the narrator of the dramatic monologue which comprises most of Tennyson's Idyll "The Holy Grail."


Sir Gareth Arms Sir Gareth
Justice

Purpure, a double headed eagle Or, bordure Sable and Gules

Gareth was the youngest brother of Sir Gawain and the son of Lot and Morgause of Orkney.

He played a significant role in Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur. Malory's "Tale of Sir Gareth" was apparently created by Malory. It presents Gareth as an exemplar of chivalry who is knighted by and devoted to Sir Lancelot and who acts chivalrously towards Lynette despite her abuse of him. This picture of Gareth, who scorned even his own brothers when they acted less than chivalrously, is one of the elements that comes together in the final scenes of the Morte to produce the tragic ending, where Lancelot blindly slays Gareth in his rescue of Guinevere from the stake. When Gawain heard of this, he turned against Lancelot, thus setting the stage for Mordred's takeover. In Tennyson's Idyll of Gareth and Lynette, Gareth, although he is not what he seems, proves himself.


Sir Kay Arms Sir Kay
Loyalty

Azure, two keys adorssed, Or

Sir Kay was the son of Ector (Ectorious) and the foster brother of King Arthur. History records Kay (Cai in Welsh) as being a very tall man, as shown by his epithet, "the Tall". He appears in the Mabinogion tale of "Culhwch and Olwen" as the foremost warrior at the Court of the King Arthur. He apparently had mystical powers and was called one of the "Three Enchanter Knights of Britain". He was Arthur's seneschal and one of his most faithful companions.


Device images used by permission, copyright Lord Connor Sinclair de Winterfell, Kingdom of Atlantia (mka Kevin Houghton).

Knights' histories used by permission, copyright Lady Tressa de Crauford, Kingdom of Ansteorra (mka Tracy Lang).



This page was last updated on 23 July 2007.

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